If you're asking about what those abbreviations mean in the context of what pins can do
PWM - Can output PWM (use analogWrite() to do so), for example to dim an LED.
ADC - Analog to Digital Converter - this pin can be used with analogRead()
DAC - Digital to Analog converter - this pin can output an analog voltage between 0 and 3.3v - use analogWrite(). Note that you can't get much current out of the DACs - you can't use them to power stuff.
3.3v - Pin is not 5V tolerant. Pins not marked as 3.3v can be exposed to 5v safely.
UART/USART - Serial port, for interfacing with devices that like to talk over serial.
I2C - I2C port (SDA is data, SCK is clock), for interfacing with parts that use I2C.
SPI - SPI port, for interfacing with parts that use SPI. SCL is the clock, MISO is Master In Slave Out (so espruino's input and the connected part's output). MOSI is the opposite.
CAN - Controller Area Network, used in automotive applications. Not exposed by Espruino.
Espruino is a JavaScript interpreter for low-power Microcontrollers. This site is both a support community for Espruino and a place to share what you are working on.
I thought I remember seeing a legend for the abbreviations on http://www.espruino.com/ReferenceESPRUINĀOBOARD - maybe on the kickstarter.
If you're asking about what those abbreviations mean in the context of what pins can do
PWM - Can output PWM (use analogWrite() to do so), for example to dim an LED.
ADC - Analog to Digital Converter - this pin can be used with analogRead()
DAC - Digital to Analog converter - this pin can output an analog voltage between 0 and 3.3v - use analogWrite(). Note that you can't get much current out of the DACs - you can't use them to power stuff.
3.3v - Pin is not 5V tolerant. Pins not marked as 3.3v can be exposed to 5v safely.
UART/USART - Serial port, for interfacing with devices that like to talk over serial.
I2C - I2C port (SDA is data, SCK is clock), for interfacing with parts that use I2C.
SPI - SPI port, for interfacing with parts that use SPI. SCL is the clock, MISO is Master In Slave Out (so espruino's input and the connected part's output). MOSI is the opposite.
CAN - Controller Area Network, used in automotive applications. Not exposed by Espruino.